Testosterone plays a vital role in a man’s sexual function, muscle and bone strength, mood regulation, and overall vitality. When testosterone levels are low, symptoms may include:

• Erectile dysfunction or difficulty maintaining an erection.
• Infertility due to reduced sperm production.
• Decreased libido (sex drive).
• Loss of muscle mass and increased body fat.
• Fatigue and reduced energy levels.
• Development of breast tissue (gynecomastia).
• Mood changes, irritability, or depression.

Hypogonadism can be caused by genetic factors, injury, medical conditions, or aging. Some common causes include:

• Aging-related testosterone decline (most common in men over 40).
• Pituitary gland disorders that affect hormone regulation.
• Testicular injury or disease, such as testicular cancer or trauma.
• Chronic conditions, including obesity, diabetes, or autoimmune disorders.
• Medication side effects, such as opioid use or long-term steroid therapy.

Since testosterone naturally declines with age, it is important to distinguish between normal age-related changes and clinically low levels that require treatment.

At Northwest Urology, diagnosing hypogonadism involves a comprehensive evaluation, including:

1. Medical History Review – Assessing symptoms, risk factors, and medical conditions.
2. Physical Examination – Identifying signs of hormonal imbalance, such as reduced muscle mass or testicular abnormalities.
3. Blood Tests – Measuring testosterone levels, as well as other hormone levels, to determine the cause of low testosterone.
4. Pituitary Function Testing – In cases of suspected pituitary disorders, additional hormone testing may be required.

A proper diagnosis ensures that treatment is targeted, effective, and safe.

At Northwest Urology, we offer several treatment options to help men restore their testosterone levels and improve overall health:

1. Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT)

For men with clinically low testosterone, TRT can help restore hormone levels and relieve symptoms. TRT is available in different forms, including:

• Injections – Both short-term (1-2 week, typically) and long-term (10 week) injections exist for long-lasting testosterone balance.
• Topical Gels and Patches – Absorbed through the skin and applied daily.
• Pellets – Implanted under the skin for sustained hormone release over several months.
• Oral medications: Taken twice daily.

Important Note: Men who wish to have children should avoid traditional TRT, as it can suppress sperm production. Instead, alternative hormone treatments may be recommended.

2. Clomiphene Therapy (for Men Wanting to Preserve Fertility)

Unlike TRT, Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) stimulates the body’s natural testosterone production without reducing sperm count. This treatment is ideal for younger men looking to improve testosterone while maintaining fertility.

3. Lifestyle Modifications

Making healthy lifestyle changes can boost natural testosterone production and improve overall well-being:

• Regular exercise, especially weight training and high-intensity workouts.
• Healthy diet, rich in lean proteins, healthy fats, and whole foods.
• Weight management, as obesity is linked to lower testosterone levels.
• Adequate sleep, as testosterone production peaks during sleep.
• Stress reduction, since chronic stress increases cortisol, which can lower testosterone.

4. Addressing Underlying Conditions

For men with pituitary disorders, metabolic conditions, or other underlying causes, treatment may involve medications or lifestyle interventions to correct hormone imbalances

Men should seek evaluation if they experience:

• Persistent fatigue or low energy levels.
• Decreased libido and sexual dysfunction.
• Difficulty maintaining muscle mass or unexplained weight gain.
• Mood changes, depression, or irritability.
• Loss of body hair or changes in testicular size.

Early detection and treatment can improve quality of life and prevent complications associated with untreated hypogonadism.